• CALCIUM AND MAGNESIUM CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES AND TERMINOLOGIES

    Author(s):
    Lawrence K Wang (see profile) , Mu-Hao Sung Wang
    Editor(s):
    Hung-ping Tsao
    Date:
    2022
    Group(s):
    Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts and Mathematics (STEAM)
    Subject(s):
    Calcium, Magnesium, Hardness, Water--Softening, Water--Purification--Dissolved air flotation, Lime, Aluminates, Carbon dioxide, Filters and filtration, Sewage--Purification--Sequencing batch reactor process
    Item Type:
    Book chapter
    Tag(s):
    process innovation, physicochemical processes, flocculation, chemical precipitation, clarification, recarbonation, filtration, hardness removal, technology, teminology
    Permanent URL:
    https://doi.org/10.17613/py80-q048
    Abstract:
    Wang, MHS and Wang, LK (2022). Calcium and magnesium control technologies and terminologies. In: “Evolutionary Progress in Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts and Mathematics (STEAM)”, Wang, LK and Tsao, HP (eds.), 4 (10B), STEAM-VOL4-NUM10B-OCT2022. 39 pages. October 2022, Lenox Institute Press, Massachusetts, USA. https://doi.org/10.17613/py80-q048 ..... ABSTRACT: The coverage of this publication includes: (a) the environmental engineering significance, sources, types, and domestic/industrial/agricultural maximum levels of water hardness; (b) innovative dissolved air flotation softening processes and new chemicals for hardness removal; and (c) the related engineering terminologies and technologies. Special emphasis is placed on introduction of the unit processes and applications of innovative dissolved air flotation (DAF) softening processes and the new chemical combinations (lime, sodium aluminum and carbon dioxide). The innovative softening process systems introduced by the authors can be: (a) continuous DAF softening systems; (b) DAF sequencing batch reactor (SBR) softening systems; and (c) sedimentation-SBR softening systems. The authors are providing many opportunities for further research in the academic area of water purification.
    Notes:
    KEYWORDS: Memoir, Call for Research, Groundwater, Industrial Water, Hardness, Calcium, Magnesium, Literature Review, Terminologies, Technologies, Flocculation, Dissolved Air Flotation (DAF), Recarbonation, Filtration, Lime, Sodium Aluminate, Ozone, Carbon Dioxide, Carbonate, Bicarbonate, Permanent Hardness, Softening, Sedimentation, Excess Lime, Single-Stage Softening, Two-Stage Softening, Continuous DAF , Sequencing Batch Reactors (SBR), Physicochemical SBR, DAF-SBR, Sedimentation-SBR,  
    Metadata:
    xml
    Published as:
    Book chapter     Show details
    Pub. DOI:
    https://doi.org/10.17613/py80-q048
    Publisher:
    Lenox Institute Press, MA, USA.
    Pub. Date:
    October 2022
    Book Title:
    \"EVOLUTIONARY PROGRESS IN SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING, ARTS AND MATHEMATICS (STEAM)\"
    Author/Editor:
    Wang, LK and Tsao, HP (eds.)
    Chapter:
    10B
    Page Range:
    1 - 39
    ISBN:
    978-0-9890870-3-2
    Status:
    Published
    Last Updated:
    11 months ago
    License:
    All Rights Reserved
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